Improved apparatus for attaching and detaching horses to and from carriages



P. W. HARDWICK.

Patented Jan. 28, 1862.

Witnesses: flint/[4 W ln-venton AM. PHOTO-LITHD. CU N.Y. (OSBURNE'SPRUCESS) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER W. HARDWICK, 0F WILLIAMSBURG, INDIANA.

IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ATTACHING AND DETACHING HORSES TO AND FROMCARRIAGES, 8L0.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.3 itfi53, dated January28, 1862.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, PETER W. I-IARDWICK, of Williamsburg, in the countyof IVayne and State of Indiana, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Apparatus for Attaching and Detaching Horses fromCarriages; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in connecting two pairs of clampswith plates and springs so that a horse may be instantly let loose froma carriage.

To enable others skilled in the art to make anduse my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

Figure 1 represents my invention complete. Fig. 2 represents thesingletree. Fig. 3 represents a spring made of steel. Fig. 4 representsa plate made of iron. Fig. 5 represents a clamp-piece made of iron. Fig.6 represents two clamp-pieces attached to a plate and forming clamps.

LetterA in Fig. 1 is asingletree; also shown in Fig. 2 at A, with aboltF F inserted in each end.

Letter B is the spring as attached to the singletree, with an oblonghole crosswise near each end; also seen at B in Fig. 3. This spring isscrewed tothe singletree by means of two screws.

Letters 0 O in Fig. 1 represents iron plates which should be riveted oneach side of the traces. Said plates are also shown at G in Figs. 4 and6.

Letters D D D D in Fig. 1 represent the clamps, as shown by dottedlines, and secured to the bolts in the end of the singletree by theslots in the ends of the spring B slipping over the projections at theends of the clamps D. Letters E E in Figs. 1 and 3 represent the slotsnear the ends of the springs.

Letters F Frepresent the bolts in the ends of the singletree in Figs. 1and 2.

Letters G G shows where screws may be inserted to screw the spring tothe singletree, as seenin Figs. 1 and 2.

H H in Fig. 1 are two pins inserted in the singletree and passingthrough holes I I in the spring, as seen in Fig. 3, for the purpose ofpreventing the straps J J from slipping.

I I in Fig. 3 are two holes through which the pins H H pass.

J J is a strap attached to each end of the spring B.

K K are traces broken OF.

The clamps D D D D should be made with a hole in one end, and shouldhave a half-circle cut out near the other end, so that when they areclosed the two half-circles will fit the bolt in the end of thesingletree. Said clamps should also have a piece projecting from thesame end in which the half-circles are cut, over which the slot in thespring may pass in order to hold the clamps together while the animal ispulling at the traces. The clamppieces should be inserted between theplates 0 C and a pin passed through and riveted, allowing the clamps towork freely.

Operation: Having adjusted the clamps on the bolts of the singletree andthe end of the straps J J extending to the inside of the carriage, thespring may be removed from the clamps and the horse instantly detachedby pulling the straps J J.

I do not claim to be the inventor of apparatus for attaching anddetaching horses to carriages or from carriages; but

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent isThe clamps as constructed in connection with the plates or theirequivalents, in combination with the spring, the whole beingconstructed, arranged, and operated substantially as above set forth.

PETER WV. HARDWVICK.

WVitnesses:

ROBERT NICHOLSON, JOSHUA H. OHANEY.

